Nail machine



April 22, E924, 1,491,027

E. H. BRODEN NAIL MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 maven sApril 22, 1924. l 1,491,027

E. H. BRODEN NAIL MACHINE Fild Nov. 1921 6 Sheet's-Sheet 5 MMM April 22,1924. 1,491,027

E. H. BRODEN NAIL MACHINE Filed Nov. 3 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 April 22,1924. 1,491,027

E.H,BRODEN NAIL MACHINE Filed Nov. 3, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 MMM PatentedApr. 22, 1924.

UNITED STATES i 1,491,027 PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN H. BRODEN, F RANKIN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN STEELAND WIRE COMPANY OF NEW'"JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

NAIL MACHINE.

Application led November 3, 1921. Serial No. 512,587.

of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inNail Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to nail machines, and more particularly to wirenail machines, and has for one of its objects the provision of adouble-blow machine adapted to formthe head of the nail in two separateoperations.

Another object is to provide an improved machine of this class that willproduce an improved form of nail. l

A further object is to provide a machine that may be operated at a highspeed, will be simple in construction, durable, and a generalimprove-ment in the art.

The above and other objects and advantages will be more fully broughtout in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine.

Figure 2 is a top plan view thereof.

vFi ure 3 is a side elevation of the opposite side rom that of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical sectional elevation.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail top lan of the cross-head and hammerstock hol er.

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the cross-head and hammerstock holder.

Figure 7 is a sectional elevation on the line VII-VII of Figure 2.'

Figure 8 is an enlarged detail of the double blow mechanism.

Referring more particularly to the drawings the numeral 2 designates theframe of the machine which is preferably formed of a single casting soas to provide the strength necessary to withstand the heavy' vibrationand shocks to which the machine is subjected.

A main drive shaft 3 is journaled in suit-l able bearings in the rear ofthe frame 2 and is provided at one end with a flywheel 4 and loose andixed drive pulleys 5 and 6 respectively. v

The opposite end of the shaft 3 is provided with a gear 7 which mesheswith a gear 8 on a shaft 9. The gear 7 is one-l1alf the size of the gear8 so that the shaft 8 will rotate just twice as fast as the shaft 9,this gear ratio of two to one beine necessary for a purpose to behereinafter lbrought out.

The shaft 3 is ofsetadjacent its center to form a crank portion 10 whichcarries a pitman 11 which has its other end pivotally secured to ahammer cross-head 12. The cross-head 12 is supported andadapted to havea sliding movement on a pair of guideways 13 and 14 formed on the top ofthe frame 2.

A hammer stock holder 15 is mounted in the cross-head 12 for verticalsliding movement and is provided with a hammer stock socket 16 adaptedto receive upper and lower hammer stocks 17 and 18 carrying hammers 17aand 18a, respectively. The hammer 18 is provided with a frusto-conicalrecess 18b in its face, the purpose of which will y be brought out inthe detail description of the operation of the machine. The stocks 17and 18 are locked or secured in position by set screws 19 and 20,andadjusting wedges 21 and 22 are mounted in the. hammer stock holder soas to engage the inclined rear end of the hammer stocks 17 and 18,respectively, and are adapted to be threaded downwardly against, orupwardly away from the hammer stocks toadj ust them inwardly oroutwardly respectively, as may be desired.

The hammer stock holder 15 is mounted for sliding movement on a carriage24 which is in turn slidably mounted for vertical movement in a guideway25 on the frame 2. The carriage 24 is provided with a T-shaped head 26which is mounted in a correspondingly shaped slot 27 in the lower faceof the hammer stock holder 15, so that the hammer stock holder isreciprocated vertically with the carriage 24. A

The carriage 24 is normally held in its lowermost position by a coilspring 28 which has one end secured by an eye-bolt 29 to a projection orlug 30 on the carriage and its other end secured by an eye-bolt 31 tothe base of the frame 2.

The carriage 24 is adapted to be reciprocated vertically by a transverserocking lever 32 which is connected intermediate its ends to thecarriage by a link 33 and has one end pivotally fixed at 34 to the frame2 and its other end pivotally connected to an adjustable link 35. Thelink 35 is pivoted to the 38 `and rock the rear end of the lever 36 l tooneend" of a cam lever 36whichv extends rearwardlyy at rightaaiglesitoythe lever32.'4 Thelink 35 is pivotedrtorthe lever 36 -so as tolhave amovement parallelitofits.' v-lon itudinal axis.` The eifectfof-gthelinkkv35 its 'pivotal connectioilswith thelevers 32 and 36 is to. form whatmay-be called` en adjustable universal connection between said witlevers;-A

l i v its ends tothe side frame yof the machine,

that the' lever mechanism operated thereby: -will remain substantiallystationary during `The cam lever 36 is pivoted-intermediate and isprovided adjacent its rear end' with a roller 381 adapted to contactwith acam 39 on the shaft 9.

' The cam 39 is adapted to ride on the roller downwardly, thus liftingthe forward end and the lever 32 -so as to raise `the carriage andhammer stock holder 15 against the tension of spring 28. The verticalmovement of the carnage 24 and hammer .stock holder is just sufficientto raise the lower hammer 18 on a line with the lowest position of theupper hammer 17. In other words, the lowerA hammer18 is raised so itwill strike the same point that the upper hammer 17'l will strike whenin its lowest position.

The hammer stock holder 15 carrying hammers 17" and 18 is adapted to berecip-l rocated horizontally or forward andv back-- ward by the pitman.11 which is connected to the cross-head 12 and -the crank 'of the maindrive'l shaft 3, and the carriage-24 is adapted to be reciprocatedverticallyor up and down by' the leverv mechanism` above described,which is' operated by the Vcam 39 onftheshaft 9. Therefore, since theshaft 9 is driven by the shaft 3 through a .two .to

`one gear connection, the pitman 11, crossheadv 12, vand hammerstockholder 15 will -vbe reciprocated' forwardly and backwardly to eachup and each downv movement of the carriage 24.

The horizontal and vertical reciprocatory movements above `described areso timed that the carriage x24 and hammer stock holder `l will moveupwardly on each lalternate 'back stroke-of the pitman 11, land hammer`stock holder, andfdownwardlvon the other back strokes, thus changingthe position of'- the 'hammers l for each forward strokey offthe pitman11. The cam 39 is so shaped the forward strokes of the hammers.

Aj die block 42 is arranged forward of the I vhammer stock holder yandis adapted to receive the wire from which the nail is to be made. Thewire is fed into the die block 42 by a 'suitable feed table 43 which 'isreciprocated to feed the wire by a connecting l rod 44 having one endconnected to a crank .arm 45 on a rocker shaft 46 which is pro-v vvidedwith a finger or pusher arm 47 adapted to strike and move the feed table`of :a nail, the movement bein thenail.

l f nunon? -47as-theq1ehaft '4621s rocked vforward y,-t e A springs"-47?? servingv to`A retract .the feed table as 'theshaftf46 is "rockedinthe reverse divThe feeding'head 43 is .adaptedl t'o feed thewirethrough thedie afterl each blow of thehammer llwhich-finishes thehead just suiiicient to feed the wire through t e length of f A pairofcutters or knives 48 f is fed through between the dies 42 by thefeeding head 43, and the cutters 48 and 49 'are operated to'cut off theprotruding end of .wirel toyapredetermined length, vleaving afsuiicientlength ofwire protruding beyond the dies, `to form the .head of a nail.

The i operationv thus fardescribed is the Vsame as inthe well known andapproved form .of single-.blow nail machines now in use.--.l Y

During the above operation the carriage 24 has been moved `upwardly sothat the hammer' 18* is-in position to strike the protruding` end o-fthe wire; The hammer 18l will first strike the wire, and due to thefrusto-conical recess 18'?A in its face, will .form or center therotruding end of wire into a," cone-shap head. The `hammer stock holderwill now be moved rearwardly for .a second blow and at the same time thecarriage 24 will move :downwardly to allow thehammer stock holder 15 tomove ydownuso that the flat faced hammer 17* Vwill be .on a line withvthe cone-shaped head formed bythe hammer 18H The hammerstock holderwill now be forced forward so vas .to cause the hammer 1 7* to strikethe cone-shapedhead, thus attening it and forming a round flat finishednail head such as ordinarily Aformed on .roofing nails. However, `dueto` the-pre-forming or coneshaping of the wire by the hammer 18 moremetal can be used to form the head than is possible with the ordinarysingleblow machines, and consequently a larger and stron er head isproduced.

After te hammer 17 has flattened the head, the hammer stock holder ismoved rearwardly and the wire is fed through the and arel vprovided infront of the die blocks 42 and lll dies 42 by the feeding head 43 anamount equal t-o the length of the nail, and the cutters are then movedinwardly to cut oif the headed portion of the wire and form the nailpoint, sufficient wire being left protruding to form the head ofthe nextnail. Also while the hannner stock holder is being moved rearwardly, andthe wire being fed through the dies and cut off, the carriage 24 isagain moved upwardly so that when the hammer stock is again movedforwardly, the lower hammer 18a is again in line with the end of wireprojecting through the dies. The above cycle of operations is repeatedcontinually while the machine is in operation.

This improved machine, as before stated, forms a stronger head of largerdiameter than single-blow machines, and also permits the use of Wire ofa diameter equal to the diameter of the finished shank of the nail,since a greater length of wire may be used to form the head due to thenovel two-blow forming thereof. Heretofore, when making large headnails, such as roofing nails, it has been necessary to use wire stock ofa greater diameter than the diameter of the nished nail shank in orderto have sufficient stock from which to make the head, since if too greata length of wire protruded beyond the dies the head would form irregularand ragged. Therefore, it was necessary to so form and operate the diesof the machine so that they would draw the wire forming the nail shankdown to size. This drawing of the nail shank resulted in the forming ofa weak shank nail that would bend and break when driven.

While I have shown and described only one preferred embodiment of myinvention, I do not wish to be limited thereto, since variousmodifications in design and combination of parts may readily be madewithout departing from the spirit of my invention as defined in theappended claims.

l. A nail machine comprising in combination, a frame, a die for formingthe nails, a feeding head adapted to feed suitable wirc stock into saiddie, cutters for cutting oit' the wire after a head has been formedthereon, a pair of guideways in said frame, a cross-head slidablymounted for horizontal movement on said guideways, a carriage mountedfor vertical movement in said frame, a hammer stock holder slidablymounted for vertical movement in said crosshead and for horizontalmovement on said carriage, a pair of hammers mounted one above the otherin -said holder, one of said hammers being provided with afrusto-conical recess in its striking face, a crank drive shaftjournaled in said frame, a pitman connected to said crank shaft and saidcrosshead adapted to reciprocate said cross-head and holder horizontallybackward and forwardv to cause said hammers to strike the wire in saiddie, thereby forming a nail head, and means for reciprocating saidcarriage and holder. vertically so as to aline said recessed hammer withthe wire in the die on each alternate forward stroke.

2. A nail machine comprising in combination a frame` a die for formingthe nails, a feeding head adapted to feed suitable wire stock into saiddie, cutters for cutting off the wire after a head has been formedthereon, a pair of guideways in said frame, a cross-head slidablylndunted for horizontal movement on said guideways, a carriage mountedfor vertical movement in said frame, a hammer stock holder slidablymounted for vertical movement in said crosshead and for horizontalmovement on said carriage, a pair of hammers mounted one above the otherin said holder, one of said hammers being provided with a frusto-conicalrecess in its striking face, a crank drive shaft journaled in saidframe, a pitman connected `to said crank shaft and said cross-headadapted to reciprocate said cross-head and holder horizontally backwardand forward to cause said hammers to strike the wire in said die,thereby forming a nail head, a second shaft journaled in said frame,gearing connecting said shaft with said drive shaft, a cam on saidsecond shaft, and lever mechanism connected to said carriage andoperated by said cam for reciprocatingr said carriage and said holdervertically, said cam and lever mechanism being adapted to move saidcarriage and holder upwardly on cach alternate backward stroke of saidcrosshead and holder and downward on the other backward stroke thereof,and said holder and carriage being adapted to remain substantiallyvertically stationary during the forward strokes of said holder.

3. In a double blow nail machine, a hammer stock holder having a hammerstock socket opening through the forward face thereof, a plurality ofhammer stocks slidably mounted in said socket opening, and means forindependently adjusting said hammer stocks in and out of said socketopening 4. In a double blow nail machine, a hammer stock holder having ahammer stock socket opening through the forward face thereof, aplurality of hammer stocks slidably mounted in said socket opening, andindependent wedge members mounted in said hammer stock holder andadapted to be operated to adjust said hammer stocks in or out of saidsocket opening.

5. In a double blow nail machine, a hammer stock holder having a hammerstock socket opening through the forward face thereof, a plurality ofhammer stocks slidably mounted in said socket opening, said hammerstocks havin their rear ends'cut away forming incline bearing faces anda plurality of wedge members mounted for vertical movement Within saidsocket open- I ing, one of said wedge members being provided for each ofsaid hammer stocks, and each of said wedge members being in engagementwith the inclined rear end face of its respective hammer stock so thatvertical y movement of said Wedge will cause a horilo zontal movement ofsaid hammer stock.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

EDWIN H. BRODEN.

